鞍山雅思|美国拍卖理论先驱获诺贝尔经济学奖

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US academics Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson won the 2020 Nobel Economics last Monday for their work on auctions hailed as benefiting buyers and sellers around the world of everything from fishing quotas① to aircraft landingslots②. Among the insights of the two Stanford University economists is an explanation of how bidders seek to avoid the so-called “winner’s curse” of over-paying and what happens when bidders gain a better understanding of their rivals’ sense of value. Milgrom and Wilson notably came up with formats for selling interrelated items simultaneously. In 1994, US authorities used one of their auction designs to sell radio frequencies to telecom operators. (Reuters)

10月12日，美国学者保罗•米尔格罗姆和罗伯特•威尔逊因对拍卖的研究获颁2020年诺贝尔经济学奖，他们的研究被认为令全世界从事任何交易的买家和卖家受益，比如捕捞配额、飞机降落空位等。这两位经济学家来自斯坦福大学。他们的洞察解释了投标者如何试图避免出价过高，即所谓的“赢者诅咒”，还解释了当投标者更好地了解对手对标的价值的判断时会发生什么情况。值得注意的是，米尔格罗姆和威尔逊还提出了关联标的物同步拍卖的几种形式。1994年，美国政府曾利用他们发明的一种拍卖方式向电信运营商出售无线电频率。

【注释】

① quota: [ˈkwəʊtə] n. a limited number or amount of people or things that is officially allowed（分）配额

② slot: [slɒt] n. a position, a time or an opportunity for sb./sth., for example in a list, a programme of events or a series of broadcasts（列表、名单、程序中的）位置，职位；（广播节目等的）一档

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