鞍山雅思|“区块链”为什么被列入新基建（下）

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区块链可以做什么？

Almost each & every cryptocurren-cy-blockchains consist of five stages ina block generation process:

几乎每一个加密货币区块链都要经过以下五个步骤来生成一个区块:

1. Transaction signing by a user

一名用户进行交易签名

2. Transaction broadcasting to the network

将交易广播到网络

3. Block creation by the miners

矿工创建区块

4. Block broadcasting to the network

将区块广播到网络

5. Validating and adding this new block by the network-nodes to the blockchain

网络节点验证新的区块并将其添加到区块链中

How secure is blockchain?

区块链有多安全？

This and that, everything is correct, but is it really secure? Specifically stating, can blockchain offer trustless environment to record private and tamperproof blocks? The short answer is no. 100% pure and perfect immutability does not exist, blockchain like any other web software or network, is theoretically and technically vulnerable to modify.

说了这么多，都没错，但是区块链真的安全吗？更确切地说，区块链记录私有和防篡改区块的环境会不可靠吗？答案是否定的。但百分之百完全没有变化是不可能的。无论从理论上还是技术上来讲，区块链和其他任何软件或网络一样，都很容易被修改。

So, is it not any secure at all? Again, the answer is no. As all of the nodes on a blockchain are decentrally distributed, to alter a chain, one would need to take control of more than 51% of total mathematical computing power4 and alter all of the transactional records in a distributed ledger within a very short space of time (e.g. Average Block Time for Bitcoin–10 minutes, Ethereum–14seconds). Modification is nearly impossible, which makes the network 99.99% immutable and secure. So, it is till now, this has never happened secure.

那么，它一点也不安全吗？当然，答案也是否定的。区块链上所有节点都是去中心化分布的，要想更改区块链，须掌控全网数学算力的 51% 以上，在极短的时间内（比如，比特币平均每个区块生成时间是 10 分钟，以太坊为 14 秒）篡改分布式账本上所有交易数据。这几乎是不可能实现的，也就是说，网络 99.99% 是不可变且安全的。所以，区块链很安全，起码到现在为止，从没出过什么事。

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